How many phases of size up are there according to standard practice?

The standard practice of size-up typically consists of three phases. This structure allows for a comprehensive assessment of the situation when responding to an incident. The three phases are generally recognized as:

1. Size-up before arrival: This phase involves gathering information prior to arriving at the scene, which could include prior knowledge of the location, information from dispatch, and understanding the nature of the incident. This preparation is crucial for establishing an initial tactical plan.

2. Size-up upon arrival: Once on scene, the officer must conduct an immediate assessment of the conditions, hazards, and resources needed. This includes evaluating the building, occupancy, the presence of fire, smoke, victims, and any existing hazards. The on-scene size-up enables the officer to implement appropriate strategies and prioritize actions.

3. Ongoing size-up: Size-up does not stop with the initial assessment. It's an ongoing process where the officer continuously evaluates changing conditions and adjusts tactics as necessary throughout the incident. This adaptability is essential for ensuring safety and effectiveness in operations.

Understanding that size-up comprises these three distinct yet interconnected phases is vital for effective incident management and ensuring the safety of both responders and civilians.