What term describes applying water for 30-90 seconds into a compartment prior to entry?

The term that accurately describes applying water for 30-90 seconds into a compartment prior to entry is "softening the target." This technique is used primarily in firefighting to reduce the heat and intensity of a fire in a compartment before firefighters make entry. By introducing water into the fire area, heat energy is lowered, which can make conditions safer for firefighters and help to limit the spread of the fire. This tactic is effective in cooling the environment, reducing the likelihood of flashover, and improving visibility upon entry.

The other terms provided have different applications in firefighting. For example, "cooling" refers broadly to the action of lowering temperature but doesn't specify the method of application or timing relevant to the question. "Flooding" typically involves an excessive amount of water being applied, which can lead to different tactical considerations. "Pre-soaking" suggests a preparation method that might not be timed or focused as specifically as the softening technique. Thus, softening the target aligns best with the described action of using water in a controlled manner prior to firefighter entry.